The function of I.C engine components
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| The components of I. C engine. |
Engine:- In an automobile engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy.
Internal combustion engine:- Internal combustion engine is the type of engine, In this engine Fuel (charge) burns inside the engine it’s called an internal combustion engine. This means you cannot see the how charge burns in the engine. ( SI engine and CI engine comes in I.C. Engine)
The engine is very small words in speaking, but so many small and machined parts or components accurately fitted to produce energy.
So below the listed number of components name those which are used in I. C engine.
- Cylinder.
- Cylinder head.
- Piston.
- Piston ring.
- Connecting road.
- Crank Shaft.
- Pin.
- Inlet valve.
- Outlet valve/ Exhaust valve.
- Cam Shaft.
- Cylinder linear.
- Spark plug.
- Push road and rocker arm.
- Water pump and water jacket.
- Radiator.
- Flywheel.
- Governor.
- Carburetor.
- Valve Spring.
- Fuel injector.
- Valve spring.
- Inlet manifold.
- Exhaust manifold.
The function and working of different components of I. C engine.
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| The function of I. C engine |
(1) Cylinder:- In I.C. engine cylinder is fitted in a cylinder block. The cylinder is made of a single unit. cylinder liner fitted in the cylinder block and Piston reciprocating T.D.C to B.D.C inside the cylinder to produce power. A cylinder is an important part of the engine.
(2) Cylinder head:- The cylinder head is made of a single cast unit. The cylinder head is jointed through a bolt on the top of the cylinder block. To dissipate heat from the cylinder head provide a cooling way through the cylinder head. And new technology engine camshafts are also available. S. I engine spark plug, C. I engine fuel injector inlet valve and outlet valve fitted in the Cylinder head. Provided copper and asbestos gasket selling between cylinder and cylinder head for a lick-proof joint.
(3) Piston:- A piston is a cylindrical unit. The piston compresses the charge during the compression stroke and then during the power stroke compresses the charged burn through the help of a spark plug. Produced power during power stroke is applying effective force on the top of the piston and the piston moves downward direction ( If the engine is vertical) or in move opposite direction of the cylinder head ( If the engine is horizontal) and transmits the power on the crank shaft. The piston is made of grey cast iron.
(4) Piston ring:- The piston ring it is attached or fitted with a piston outside the periphery. Two type of piston ring is used in automobile I. C engine.
(1) Oil ring or oil control ring. (2) Compression ring.
(1) Oil Ring:- The oil ring is fitted down to the piston. It controls the leakage of oil or prevents oil to the cylinder chamber. It’s very small and light in weight and open end ring.
(2) Compression ring:- Compression ring fitted near the top side of the piston. It’s used to prevent mixture or charge to the engine oil pan. It’s very small and light in weight and open end ring.
(5) Connecting road:- It is made by drop forging still process. It is made in an “I” shape so this reduces the weight and increases the strength of the connecting road. The main function of the connecting road is to convert the linear reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotating motion of the crankshaft. The connecting road is long compared to the crankshaft. Connecting road small end joined to the piston pin and the big end joined to the crankshaft.
(6) Crankshaft:- A crankshaft is also called the backbone of the engine. The crankshaft converts the linear reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion of the crankshaft. It is made of a single cast unit by drop-forging process. The crankshaft is short compared to the connecting road.
(7) Pin:- The pin is the small part that is used between the crankshaft and the connecting road for joint purposes. The pin is connected small end of the connecting road with the crankshaft.
(8) Inlet valve:- The main function of the inlet valve is to transfer the fresh charge into the cylinder or cylinder chamber during suction stroke. Due to the inlet valve opening and closing in the engine during suction stroke, only fresh air in diesel engine and petrol and air mixture (charge) enter in cylinder.
(9) Outlet valve:- The main function of the outlet valve is removing the bun gases from the chamber after the power stroke. An outlet valve is also called an exhaust valve.
(10) Camshaft:- the main function of the camshaft control the inlet and outlet valve by camlobe.
(11) Cylinder linear:- Cylinder linear is the part inside the cylinder wall. The linear is the slim layer of friction resistance material that prevents the direct friction between and piston and cylinder wall.
(12) Spark plug:- The function of the spark plug is after the end of the compression stroke to ignite/burn the fresh charge.
(13) Push road and rocker arm:- The function of the push road and rocker arm open and close the valve through the cam and cam lobe.
(14) Water pump and water jacket:- The function of its remove heat from the cylinder block and maintain the temperature of the engine. A water jacket is placed around the cylinder block to absorb the heat from the cylinder block when the vehicle is in running condition. Its system is called a water cooling system. it is only used by 4-wheeler vehicles.
(15) Radiator:- It is used to store the coolant in the radiator and dissipate heat from the coolant.
(16) Flywheel:- It is mounted on a crankshaft. The function of the flywheel store the excessive energy during the power stroke and supply it to the engine whenever is needed.
(17) Governor:- It is drive through crankshaft. The function of the Governor in the case of the S.I. engine is to regulate the charge. In the case of diesel engines maintain a constant engine speed when the load capacity change in the engine.
(18) Carburetor:- The carburetor is used to make a proper mixture of petrol and air mixture as per the required speed and engine load. A carburetor is used only in petrol engines.
(19) Fuel injection pump:- It is used in diesel engines. The fuel injection pump supplies diesel to the fuel injector from the fuel tank as per the speed and engine load.
(20) Fuel injector:- A fuel injector is used in diesel engines. It is mounted in a cylinder head and the work of the fuel injector is supplied pressurized fuel into the cylinder chamber by the fuel injector.
(21) Valve spring:- The valve spring plays a vital role in closing the valve.
(22) Inlet manifold:- It carries carry mixture or charge from the carburetor to the cylinder through a separate Pipe.
(23) Exhaust manifold:- It is used to remove exhaust gas from the exhaust valve. It is a group of pipes and mufflers.
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